heart disease | Heart disease causes, symptoms and complications

heart disease | Heart disease causes, symptoms, and complications

heart disease

Any ailment that affects the heart is referred to as heart disease. There are various types, some of which may be avoided.

Heart disease treatment is not difficult, all you have to do is stick to it.

When most people think of cardiac illness, they think of a heart attack. However, the phrase encompasses several disorders that might harm your ticker and prevent it from doing its function.

Coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure are examples of these. Learn about each's warning signs and how to respond to them.

Learn more about the many forms, causes, and symptoms of heart disease in this article. This page also discusses risk factors and treatment options.

What's Heart Disease?

Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, accounting for around one-fourth of all fatalities. 1 The word "heart disease" refers to several different sorts of heart problems.

Coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to a heart attack, is the most common kind of heart disease in the United States.

Lifestyle adjustments and, in certain situations, medication can significantly lower your risk of heart disease.

When does heart disease occur?

When there is a process of hardening and deposition of a coating of calcium and fat combination inside the coronary blood vessels, or when constriction occurs in these blood vessels, it is conceivable that the hollow narrows, impeding blood flow to the heart muscle.

Any interaction with the heart muscle or its capacity to contract may result in a temporary or permanent loss in the ability of the heart to contract.

When the heart's capacity to contract is impaired, there is a reduction in blood flow to essential organs in the body, as this process of narrowing blood arteries creates angina pectoris, and if irreversible damage to the heart muscle happens, a myocardial infarction ensues.

A person suffering from angina pectoris or myocardial infarction may experience pain or pressure on the chest wall, which may be accompanied by sweating, a sense of suffocation, shortness of breath, nausea, and a general feeling of weakness, as this is an emergency situation that necessitates immediate medical attention.

Symptoms of heart disease

The symptoms of heart disease vary depending on the kind. Also, some heart diseases do not cause any symptoms at all.

The following are the symptoms of cardiac disease, which vary depending on the ailment:

1. Symptoms of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease is caused by the narrowing, blocking, or hardening of blood arteries, resulting in insufficient blood flow to the heart, brain, or other organs in the body.

Symptoms of cardiovascular disease include:

• pain in the chest.
• shortness of breath.
• Numbness, weakness, or a sense of coldness in the legs and arms.

2. Arrhythmia-induced heart disease symptoms

An arrhythmia is an abnormal heartbeat in which the heart beats faster than usual, slower than normal, or irregularly.

Heart disease symptoms connected with arrhythmias include:

• Chest flutter.
• Rapid heartbeat.
• slow heartbeat.
• pain in the chest.
• shortness of breath.
• Dizziness.
• Fainting or a condition close to it.

3. Cardiac disease symptoms caused by a heart defect

A serious congenital cardiac abnormality is frequently discovered within hours, days, weeks, or months of birth. Symptoms of heart disease include:

1. Light gray or blue leather.
2. Swelling of the abdomen, legs, or the area around the eyes.
3. Shortness of breath when eating, resulting in inadequate weight gain.

Less severe birth abnormalities are frequently discovered in late adolescence or even adulthood. The following are non-life-threatening symptoms of congenital cardiac defects:

• Ease of shortness of breath as a result of physical or sports activity.
• Ease of fatigue caused by physical activities or sports.
• Accumulation of fluid in the heart or in the lungs.
• Swelling of the hands, ankles, or foot soles.

4. Cardiomyopathy-related heart disease symptoms

Cardiomyopathy is characterized by the thickening and stiffening of the heart muscle, and in the early stages, there may be no symptoms at all.

As the condition progresses, the following symptoms may appear:

• Shortness of breath when exerting exertion or even when at rest.
• Swelling of the legs, ankles, and feet.
• Abdominal distension due to fluid accumulation.
• exhaustion.
• arrhythmia.
• dizziness, fainting.

5. Inflammation-related heart disease symptoms

In the heart, there are three forms of inflammation:

• Pericarditis is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the heart.
• Myocarditis is a condition that affects the middle layer of the heart muscle.
• Endocarditis is an infection of the inner membrane that divides the chambers and valves of the heart.

Symptoms of heart disease caused by inflammation in the heart vary, depending on the type of infection, and include:

• Fever.
• shortness of breath.
• weakness or fatigue.
• Swelling in the legs or abdomen.
• Changes in the rate of the heartbeat.
• Dry or persistent cough.
• Skin rash or unusual spots.

6. Heart disease symptoms caused by an issue with the heart valves

There are four valves in the heart:

• Aortic valve i.e. aortic valve.
• Mitral valve.
• Pulmonary valve.
• Tricuspid valve.

To guide blood flow through the heart, all cardiac valves open and close. Heart valves may be damaged due to several factors that lead to narrowing, leakage of any abnormal flow, failure, or incomplete closure.

Depending on which heart valve is affected, symptoms of heart disease caused by valve damage include:

• exhaustion.
• shortness of breath.
• Heart arrhythmia or hear heart murmurs.
• Swelling in the feet's palms or ankles.
• pain in the chest.
• fainting.

Heart disease causes and risk factors

The causes and risk factors for heart disease are explained below:

1. Heart disease risk factors

Heart disease risk factors include the following:

• smoking.
• Malnutrition.
• high blood pressure.
• Excess cholesterol in the blood.
• diabetes.
• Excess obesity.
• Lack of physical activity.
• constant tension.
• Poor hygiene.

2. Causes of heart defects and malformations

Heart defects and malformations usually arise and develop while the fetus is in the womb. About a month after conception, the fetal heart begins to grow, and at this point, heart malformations can begin to develop and form.

Researchers are unsure what causes birth malformations, but they suspect that certain diseases, drugs, and genetics all have an impact.

3. Causes of heart disease and cardiomyopathy

The specific etiology of cardiomyopathy, or cardiac muscle hypertrophy, is unknown, as there are three forms of cardiomyopathy:

• Weak or too wide heart muscle.
• Very thick heart muscle.
• The stiff heart muscle is rigid and limited.

4. Causes of cardiovascular disease

The term cardiovascular disease refers to several types of heart and blood vessel diseases, and this name is often also called damage to the heart or blood vessels due to Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fat layers inside the arteries.

Over time, the pressure on the arteries that is too high can make their walls stiffer, less flexible, and thicker, which can sometimes impede blood flow to the body's various organs and tissues.

This process is known as arterial calcification or atherosclerosis, and it is the most frequent kind of this ailment, as well as the leading risk factor and cause of cardiovascular disease.

The following variables contribute to this disorder: an improper diet, a lack of physical exercise, obesity, and smoking.

5. Causes of arrhythmia

Common causes of arrhythmias or diseases that may lead to arrhythmias include:

• Congenital heart defects.
• Coronary artery disease.
• Hypertension.
• diabetes mellitus.
• smoking.
• Excessive consumption of alcohol and caffeine.
• Drug Addiction.
• Stress.
• Certain over-the-counter and prescription drugs, as well as several nutritional supplements and medical plants.
• Heart valve disease.

6. Causes of heart infections

Heart infections, such as pericarditis, myocarditis, and endocarditis, develop when a stimulating agent, such as a virus, bacterium, or chemical, enters the heart muscle.

The following are the most prevalent causes of heart infections:

• bacteria.
• Viruses.
• parasites.
• Medicines that have the potential to induce an allergic or toxic response.
• Other diseases.

7. Causes of valvular heart disease

Many factors increase the risk of heart disease in the valves, as heart valve diseases in the heart can be congenital or congenital, or they may be caused by some diseases, such as:

• Rheumatic fever.
• endocarditis.
• Connective tissue diseases.
• Some medicines and radiotherapy for cancer.

heart disease complications

Heart disease treatment, Congestive heart failure is one of the most prevalent consequences of heart disease symptoms. Other problems associated with heart disease include:

• heart attack.
• brain attack.
• An aneurysm is a localized dilatation of the blood vessel walls.
• Peripheral arterial disease.
• sudden cardiac arrest

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